Learn to Orchid Care as a Cut Flower Crop by home study
Orchids occur naturally from very cold temperate climates through to tropical locations; and provided you choose appropriate species and treat them according to location, it is feasible to grow orchids as cut flowers almost anywhere. Orchids are one of the most commercially viable cut flower crops (partially due to their beaty, and also due to their long shelf life). Learn how to produce orchid flowers for the cut flower trade.
Lesson Structure
There are 10 lessons in this course:
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Introduction - Plant classification, naming of plants, parts of the flower.
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Culture - Basket, epiphytes, media.
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Propagation A - Methods, materials, equipment.
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Propagation B (Tissue Culture) - Techniques, application, culture nutrients.
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Greenhouse Management A - Environmental controls, beds & benches, carbon dioxide.
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Greenhouse Management B - Temperature, irrigation, cooling, ventilation, etc.
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Pest and Disease Control & Identification
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Management, Harvest and Post-Harvest
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- Harvesting, post harvest, standards, layout, production costs.
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Marketing - Marketing the product, valuable orchids, international markets.
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Detailed study of one species or group of orchids.
Each lesson culminates in an assignment which is submitted to the school, marked by the school's tutors and returned to you with any relevant suggestions, comments, and if necessary, extra reading.
Aims
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Explain the plant naming system, identify flower parts and compile resources.
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Describe cultural techniques applicable to orchid growing.
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Describe propagation techniques used for orchids.
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Explain tissue culture propagation techniques.
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Describe protected plant production facilities suited to orchids.
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Explain the day to day management of a greenhouse.
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Manage Pests and diseases on an orchid flower crop
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Explain management of an orchid enterprise and the harvest and post harvest of an orchid crop.
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Explain marketing techniques used for cut flower orchids.
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Describe a major orchid group
HARVEST AND POSTHARVEST OF ORCHIDS
Flowers perish easily and are generally fragile, by correct harvest and post harvest handling procedures the grower ensures a clean and quality crop as well as prolonging the bloom time. Sterilise equipment during harvest to prevent premature petal drop and the spread of bacteria.
Different species need to be harvested differently, and treated differently after harvest. The time at which you harvest depends upon the stage of growth which the plants are at; but it can also be affected by market demand. (eg. you may decide to harvest plants before they reach an optimum stage because you can get more for the flowers at that earlier time when demand is higher).
Some flowers should be opened well before the buds open; and the buds then open later on. This makes transport easier, and sometimes means that the flowers last longer. For other flowers, the flower must be at least partially opened. It might not open if harvested too earlier. The grower needs to have a very good knowledge of how the flower continues to develop after harvest.
Bud opening
Buds are stimulated to open by different things. For many plants, heat will stimulate bud opening; so keeping the plant cool is important if you wish to delay bud opening.
Special solutions can be used to help regulate bud opening, extend the life of the flower and discourage disease attacking and rotting the stems. This is particularly important on some types of flowers when they are picked early.
Solutions often contain sugars to compensate (partly) for inadequate food reserves available to the buds, and a sterilant such as sodium hypochlorite, to kill disease organisms in the water.
The strength of chemicals used can be critical. Some flowers are damaged by concentrations which are ideal for others. These solutions need appropriate temperatures to be absorbed by the plant. At very low temperatures they will not be absorbed, so cool stored plants may be sometimes put into a warmer situation for a period before cool storage to allow absorption.
Conditioning for market
Flowers sometimes need to be "hardened up" before packing and sending off to market. This may involve standing in "cold" water to allow turgidity to reach optimum level (ie. maximum amount of water in the plant tissue), before they are packed dry and sent to market. A solution containing a flower preservative and bactericide is often used in the water at this stage.
REQUIREMENTS (IN BRIEF) OF SELECTED ORCHID GENERA
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GENERA
|
MINIMUM
TEMPERATURE
Celcius |
HABIT
|
WHERE TO GROW
REQUIREMENTS
|
SHADE
|
|
Ascocentrum |
10‑15 |
Epiphytic |
Pots |
Heavy to medium |
|
Brassavola |
15 |
Epiphytic |
Pots |
Essential |
|
Brassia |
15 |
Epiphytic |
Pots |
Essential in summer |
|
Bulbophyllum |
18 |
Epiphytic |
Pots or slabs |
Medium |
|
Cattleya |
12 |
Epiphytic |
Pots |
Mild‑Medium |
|
Coelogyne |
10 |
Epiphytic |
Pots and baskets |
Mild‑Medium |
|
Cymbidium |
7 or lower
|
Epiphytic or
terrestrial |
Pots |
Medium |
|
Dendrobium
|
some 10,
others lower |
Mainly
epiphytic |
Wood/fern slabs, pots
or baskets |
Light‑medium shade in summer |
|
Epidendrum |
some 10
others lower |
Epiphytic |
Pots, beds, or baskets |
Light‑medium |
|
Laelia |
10 |
Epiphytic |
Pots |
Mild‑medium |
|
Masdavillea |
10 |
Epiphytic |
Pots |
Mild |
|
Odontoglossum |
15 |
Epiphytic |
Pots |
Mild |
|
Oncidium |
15 |
Epiphytic |
Pots or slabs |
Mild |
|
Paphiopedilum |
13 |
Terrestrial |
Pots |
Medium to heavy |
|
Phalaenopsis |
18 |
Epiphytic |
Pots or slabs |
70‑80% |
|
Pleonie |
10 or lower |
Epiphytic or
terrestrial |
Pots
|
Mild‑Medium |
|
Vanda |
12‑20
|
Epiphytes
|
Usually slabs sometimes pots |
Essential in summer
|
|
Zygopetalum |
12‑15 |
Epiphytes |
Pots, baskets or slabs |
Mild |
FREQUENT QUESTIONS
Why Choose This Course
- Unique course materials (developed by our staff) and more current than some colleges (many reviewed annually); as a result, ACS graduates can be more up to date.
- We work hard to help you understand and remember it, develop an ability to apply it in the real world, and build networks with others who work in this field (It’s more than just serving up a collection of information –if all you want is information, buy a book; but if you want an education, that takes learning to a whole new level).
- Start whenever you want, study at your own pace, study anywhere
- Don’t waste time and money traveling classes
- We provide more choices–courses are written to allow you more options to focus on parts of the subject that are of more interest to you; a huge range of elective subjects are offered that don’t exist elsewhere.
- Tutors are accessible (more than elsewhere) – academics work in both the UK and Australia, 5 days a week, 16 hours a day. Answering emails and phone calls from students are top priority.
- We treat students as individuals –don’t get lost in a crowd. Our tutors communicate with you one to one.
- Extra help at no extra cost if needed. When you find something you cannot do, we help you through it or will provide another option.
- Support after you finish a course –We can advise about getting work, starting business, writing a CV, etc. We can promote students and their businesses through our extensive profile on the internet. Graduates who ask will be helped.
- Support from a team of a dozen professional horticulturists, living in different parts of the UK, and in both temperate and tropical climate zones of Australia.
About ACS
ACS was started in 1979 by John Mason, who at the time was a gardening author, horticultural consultant and lecturer in horticulture at several colleges across Melbourne (in Australia). Over the summer that year John discovered that there were thousands of applicants going to be turned away from horticulture courses at Burnley Horticultural College (now Melbourne University). There were simply too few courses being offered for the number of people wanting to study horticulture in Australia. This situation prompted a move to establish a correspondence course at Burnley; but after months of unsuccessful lobbying for support from government; John wrote a course, and with help from a colleague at Council of Adult Education, marketed it.
Standards were originally set in line with what were seen to be the standards of Australia's top horticultural college; and over the years, those standards have never been reduced. This makes our courses longer and more demanding than some other colleges; but it has also led to us building a credibility that stands tall in the horticulture industry across the world.
In the early 1990's John started visiting the UK and becoming involved with the horticulture industry there. Around the mid 1990's ACS began offering RHS courses, and in 2003, John was formally recognised for his contribution to British Horticulture by being made a fellow of the Institute of Horticulture. ACS, as a school, established an office and staff in the UK in 2001, and has expanded considerably since then. Today it is formally affiliated with five other colleges in the UK (including Warwickshire College); all of who license and deliver ACS courses.
A team of leading horticulturists work for the school's horticulture department, including 12 faculty members in both the UK and Australia
How You Study
- As soon as you enroll, we send an email to explain it all.
- We direct you to a short orientation video (downloadable over the internet) to watch, where our principal introduces you to how the course works, and how you can access all sorts of support services
- You are either given a code to access your course online, or sent out a CD or course materials through the mail (or by courier).
- Work through lessons one by one, each lesson typically having four parts:
- An aim -which tells you what you should be achieving in the lesson
- Reading -notes written and regularly revised by our academic staff
- Set Task(s) -These are practicals, research or other experiential learning tasks that strengthen and add to what you have been reading
- Assignment -By answering questions, submitting them to a tutor, then getting feedback from the tutor, you confirm that you are on the right track, but more than that, you are guided to consider what you have been studying in different ways, broadening your perspective and reinforcing what you are learning about
- Other - Your work in a course rarely stops at just the above four parts. Different courses and different students will need further learning experiences. Your set task or assignment may lead to other things, interacting with tutors or people in industry, reviewing additional reference materials or something else. We treat every student as an individual and supplement their learning needs as the occasion requires.
- We provide access to and encourage you to use a range of supplementary services including an online student room, including online library; student bookshop, newsletters, social media etc.
- We provide a "student manual", that is a quick solution to most problems that might occur
Recognition
- ACS has a highly respected international profile: by employers and academics alike. People are more aware of us than many other distance education schools –just do a search for “horticulture distance education courses” and see what comes up on the internet; or search for ACS Distance education on Facebook or Linked in, and see how many connections we have compared to other colleges.
- Recognised by International Accreditation and Recognition Council
- ACS has been educating people around the world since 1979
- Over 100,000 have now studied ACS courses, across more than 150 countries
- Formal affiliations with colleges in five countries
- A faculty of over 40 internationally renowned academics –books written by our staff used by universities and colleges around the world.
Extra Books or Reference Materials
- The course provides you with everything that you need to complete it successfully.
- Assignments may ask you to look for extra information (eg. by contacting nurseries, visiting gardens or searching the internet), but our school's resources and tutors are always available as a back up. If you hit a "roadblock", we can quickly send you additional information or provide expert advice over the phone or email; to keep you moving in your studies.
- Some students choose to buy additional references, to take their learning beyond what is essential for the course. If a student wants to buy books, we operate an online bookshop offering ebooks written by staff at the school. Student discounts are available if you are studying with us. The range of e books available is being expanded rapidly, with at least one new ebook being written and published by our staff every month. See www.acsebook.com